Delivering on the Targets and Signals from the First Global Stocktake
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This factsheet was updated in May 2026 with additional resources.
With the adoption at the 29th Conference of the Parties (COP29) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) of the final guidance needed to implement Article 6 on carbon markets, the Paris Agreement is now fully operational. But progress toward achieving its long-term goals (including staying within the 1.5 degree C limit) is incremental and not at the pace and scale needed. To foster transformative levels of climate action, Parties and key leadership must:
follow up on the signals and targets of the first global stocktake (GST1), with new nationally determined contributions (NDCs)
focus just as much on enhanced international cooperation on implementation as the setting of headline NDC targets—including the leadership on each of the GST targets and signals
Prepare for a robust and effective second GST, which will start in 2026.
C2ES has published a series of papers that: (i) examine some of the targets and signals agreed at GST1 at COP28; (ii) explore how international cooperation could be enhanced to deliver implementation and further raise ambition; (iii) and make a number of recommendations to that end.
