Increased climate finance for developing countries and enhanced transparency are two critical pillars of the Paris Agreement. The two intersect in the provisions of Article 9 (finance) and Article 13 (transparency), addressing the reporting and review of finance-related information. These …
A fundamental feature of the “enhanced transparency framework” established by Article 13 of the Paris Agreement is the regular provision by each party of a national inventory report of greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks. Article 13 …
The Paris Agreement establishes a new multilateral architecture guiding countries’ climate change efforts under the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Parties are currently negotiating more detailed rules and procedures for implementing the agreement, including provisions addressing transparency, accounting, …
Article 6 of the Paris Agreement recognizes that countries may engage in different forms of international cooperation to achieve climate goals, and prescribes broad conditions for such cooperation if it is to count toward achievement of parties’ nationally determined contributions …
Article 15 of the Paris Agreement establishes a mechanism to facilitate implementation of and promote compliance with the provisions of the Paris Agreement. Along with the global stocktake and the transparency framework, this mechanism provides a means of assessing and …
The Paris Agreement’s provisions on mitigation-related information and accounting are intended to promote transparency and environmental integrity, and play a central role in the regime’s architecture. They contain two basic elements: first, general obligations on parties, and second, authorizations to …
Two international bodies—the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA)—will soon be making decisions that elaborate on the use of market-based mechanisms to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. How these …
As parties shape decisions fleshing out the new global climate architecture established by the Paris Agreement, an important consideration is the linkages, both explicit and potential, among Articles 13, 14, and 15 of the agreement. These articles provide for, respectively: …