This report outlines the emerging elements of a Paris climate agreement based on in-depth discussions among senior climate negotiators from leading countries. The report foresees a durable legal agreement that sets binding commitments for all parties, holds countries accountable, and works to progressively strengthen global ambition.

The report was prepared by Valli Moosa of South Africa and Harald Dovland of Norway, co-chairs of a year-long dialogue among negotiators from China, the United States and 20 other European, Asian, Latin American and African countries. The report draws on nearly 100 hours of frank discussions among negotiators, who participated in their personal capacities and met eight times from March 2014 through May 2015.

The Toward 2015 dialogue was organized by the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES). Further information on the Toward 2015 dialogue, including a list of participants, is available at http://www.c2es.org/international/toward-2015.